Security is an important issue in database management because information stored in a database is a very valuable and many a time, very sensitive commodity. So the data in a database should be protected from unauthorized access and updates. If you are using a single user database and you are the only user, then the whole issue of data security boils down to keeping your machine secure from other users. But the commercial DBMSs are rarely single user. Many people and applications will be concurrently accessing it to get information, many users and programs will be updating the information, and yet another group of people will be deleting information that has become obsolete or incorrect.
Database security involves allowing or disallowing users from performing actions on the database and the objects within it. A privilege is permission to access a named object in a prescribed manner; for example: Permission to query a table.
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